Popularity of programming languages in 2014
By combining two authoritative but different rankings, a more objective ranking is obtained and maybe near to the reality.
The principle applied is to add the position of languages in each classification and reclassy them according to this sum. Languages that are not in both lists, such as HTML contained in IEEE but not in TIOBE, are ignored. The source code is provided below.
Please note that the ranking of languages by popularity is not the ranking of the most requested languages in job offers. I can already give you the list of what we are looking for corporate projects in 2023 in order:
- JavaScript and TypeScript.
- Python.
- Java.
- C#.
- PHP
- C/C++.
- Ruby.
- Go.
- SQL.
- Scala.
Rust represents less than 1% of offers. Swift, Pascal and Objective-C even less.
The two popularity rankings differ because they use different criteria:
IEEE
It starts from the list of languages with projects on GitHub, and for these language, takes into account the number of results on the Google search engine and Google Trends. Those who have too few results are eliminated.
For the classification, the number of references are taken into account on Twitter, Hacker News and Reddit, the number of new projects on GitHub, the number of questions about the language on StackOverflow, and are also taken into account the number of job openings on different site asking proficiency in these languages.
TIOBE
Here the ranking is based on the number of results on different search engines.
In both cases, this is not an indicator of the number of programs written in each language, or the number of lines in these languages.
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Redmonk (2022)
The twenty most popular languages in 2022 according to Redmonk, which uses a different method than Tiobe too:
- JavaScript.
- Python
- Java
- PHP
- C#
- CSs
- C++
- TypeScript
- Ruby
- C
- Swift
- R
- Objective-C
- Scala
- Shell
- Go
- Powershell
- Kotlin
- Rust
- Dart
Source code of the script
The JavaScript code performs the following operations:
- It searches the IEEE list of languages that are also included in the TIOBE list and adds them in the ultimate list.
- For each language in the ultimate list, a value is given that is the average position from the other two lists.
- The ranking in the ultimate list is sorted by increasing value.
- The lists are each displayed in a table with the disparray() function.
$tiobe = array(
"C", "Java", "Objective-C", "C++", "Visual Basic",
"C#","PHP","Python","JavaScript","Transact-SQL",
"Perl","ASP.NET","F#","Ruby","ActionScript",
"Swift","Delphi/Object Pascal","Lisp","MATLAB","Assembly",
"OpenEdge ABL","SAS","Pascal","PostScript","Logo",
"ML","COBOL","R","Ada","Go",
"C shell","Fortran","ABAP","cT","PL/I",
"Lua","Ladder Logic","Haskell","Scratch","Scala",
"Scheme","Z shell","Tcl","Erlang","Common Lisp",
"Prolog","RPG","Modula-2","PL/SQL","D"
);
$ieee = array(
"Java","C","C++","Python","C#",
"PHP","Javascript","Ruby","R","MATLAB",
"SQL","Perl","Assembly","HTML","Visual Basic",
"Objective-C","Scala","Arduino","Shell","Go",
"Processing","D","Lua","Fortran","Haskell",
"Lisp","VHDL","Delphi","Prolog","Clojure",
"ASP.NET","SAS","Verilog","Erlang","Ada",
"COBOL","Scheme","CoffeeScript","Actionscript","ABAP",
"Tcl","Apex Code","OCaml","Ladder Logic","J",
"Eiffel","Forth","Scilab","Logo","",
);
$ultimate = array();
function disparray($arr) {
$len=count($arr);
for($i = 0; $i < $len; $i++) {
echo "<li>".$arr[$i]."</li>\n";
}
}
function main()
{
global $ultimate;
global $tiobe;
global $ieee;
$value = 1;
foreach($ieee as $t => $v) {
$lang = $ieee[$t];
$ipos = array_search($lang, $tiobe);
if($ipos !== false)
{
$ultimate[$lang] = $value + $ipos + 1;
}
$value++;
}
asort($ultimate);
$ultimate=array_keys($ultimate);
}
main();The results of these rankings are indeed surprising. There are well-placed languages in these lists that most programmers have never heard! But since they appear in both lists (the ultimate list proves it), they are really widely used...
But this is what makes the interest of this ranking: find out what languages are actually used in production, which are the most common, next to those frequently talked about in forums and that actually are not so often put in practice that one would think.